Adult Preventative Health Guidelines

Based on the United States Preventive Services Task Force 2021 Guidelines and other selected references.

1. Cardiac risks include: smoking, hypertension, diabetes, strong family history of heart attack, obesity, physical inactivity.
2. Diabetes risks include: family history of diabetes, Black, Hispanic/Latino, American Indian, Asian American or Pacific Islander, overweight or obese, physically inactive, hypertension, history of gestational diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome.
3. Colon cancer risks include: personal or family history of polyps or colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, personal diagnosis or family history of genetic disorders associated with increased risk.
4. Prostate cancer risks include: African American race or family history of prostate cancer.
5. Lung cancer screening is recommended annually for those with a 20 pack-year smoking history and currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years.
6. Osteoporosis risks include: family history of osteoporosis, smoking, corticosteroid use, alcohol use, low BMI, with FRAX score of Major Osteoporotic fracture of 8.4.
7. Hepatitis B risks include: birth in a country with high prevalence, having parents from regions of high prevalence when the patient did not receive Hepatitis B vaccine, history of injection drug use, persons with HIV, individuals assigned male at birth (AMAB) who engage in sexual activity with other AMAB individuals, and close contacts of person who are HBsAg positive.
8. Hepatitis C: all adults should be screened once. If at higher risk, can be screened periodically. Increased risk is seen in persons who inject drugs. Pregnant persons should also be screened.
9. TB (Latent Tuberculosis Infection) risks include: those who were born in, or previously lived in, countries with increased prevalence of tuberculosis, and high-risk congregate settings.
10. Chlamydia and Gonorrhea risks include: young age, new sex partner, more than 1 sex partner, previous or co-existing sexually transmitted illness (STI), sex partner who has an STI, and a history of commercial sex work.
11. HIV risks include: history of drug use, individuals assigned male at birth (AMAB) who engage in sexual activity with other AMAB individuals, transfusion, multiple partners, unprotected sex with an HIV-positive partner.
12. Syphilis highest risk: individuals assigned male at birth (AMAB) who engage in sexual activity with other AMAB individuals and or HIV-positive persons. Other factors associated with increased risk include a history of incarceration, history of commercial sex work, and being an individual assigned male at birth younger than 29 years.